這種選項看似對到了你預測的答案套路,但是卻跟文章裡的細節前提違背。時間有壓力的時候往往看到覺得和藹可親,接下來就產生了心理學上的「定錨效應」,認定是你就是你,其他選項就應付看看了。甚至有時候還會沒耐心就直接選了,五個選項也沒過完。
跟大部分的考生只檢討選項不同,我開始思考要怎麼修正自己的做題流程,避免被這種選項騙到。一開始我想:那第一遍看慢一點,看仔細一點,把所有細節都記起來總得了吧?後來發現我不是最強大腦,記太多會亂掉…反而蝕了時間。
所以後來改變了策略:遇到很像正確選項的也要忍住不能直接選,怕有陷阱。要穩下心來用刪去法過五個選項。很像的給它留到第二輪,如果第二輪有兩三個選項的話,再一一依照內容回文檢查premise。
正確答案寫得很迂迴,考試時看完覺得理解意思但「很怪」,根本不像套路,但又說不出哪裡錯,覺得要硬凹才會推到。但最後檢討發現他就是正確答案…
In Gandania, where the government has a monopoly on tobacco sales, the incidence of smoking-related health problems has risen steadily for the last twenty years. The health secretary recently proposed a series of laws aimed at curtailing tobacco use in Gandania. Profits from tobacco sales, however, account for ten percent of Gandania’s annual revenues. Therefore, Gandania cannot afford to institute the proposed laws.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
(A) All health care in Gandania is government-funded.
(B) Implementing the proposed laws is not to cause a significant increase in the amount of tobacco Gandania exports.
(C) The percentage of revenue Gandania receives from tobacco sales has remained steady in recent years.
(D) Profits from tobacco sales far surpass any other single source of revenue for the Gandanian government.
(E) No government official in Gandania has ever previously proposed laws aimed at curtailing tobacco use.
(答案A)
As a construction material, bamboo is as strong as steel and sturdier than concrete. Moreover, in tropical areas bamboo is a much less expensive construction material than either steel or concrete and is always readily available. In tropical areas, therefore, building with bamboo makes better economic sense than building with steel or concrete, except where land values are high.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the exception noted above?
(A) Buildings constructed of bamboo are less likely to suffer earthquake damage than are steel and concrete buildings.
(B) Bamboo is unsuitable as a building material for multistory buildings.
(C) In order to protect it from being damaged by termites and beetles, bamboo must be soaked, at some expense, in a preservative.
(D) In some tropical areas, bamboo is used to make the scaffolding that is used during large construction projects.
(E) Bamboo growing in an area where land values are increasing is often cleared to make way for construction.
(答案B)
這種題目一開始給我的感覺就是:奇怪,怎麼過完一遍五個選項,找不到答案?這些正確選項的特色就是看上去覺得八竿子打不著,覺得太間接太扯,但是也不是完全無關,只是要推好幾層。這種題目的設計思維是:就算正確選項很迂迴,但是其他選項沒有更直接的。所以他是「相對」正確的答案。所以,這種「看上去不能一眼斷定是無關,方向也對」的,我會直接保留到第二輪,去跟其他選項比較。