GMAT考試不能全靠技巧,也要靠思考直覺。CR要高分的秘訣是:平常的練習必須要習慣「看懂題目後,能夠把主題主角換掉,換成生活中相近的故事,但背後邏輯一致。」
比如:
Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium transmitted to humans by deer ticks. Generally, deer ticks pick up the bacterium while in the larval stage by feeding on infected white-footed mice. However, certain other species on which the larvae feed do not harbor the bacterium. If the population of these other species were increased, more of the larvae would be feeding on uninfected hosts, so the number of ticks acquiring the bacterium would likely decline.
抓到主題:L疾病的傳染
主角:L病、寄生蟲、動物
生活中哪些概念是有這種關係?
在台灣,最相近的就是「登革熱」、「病媒蚊」、「水溝」
在讀文章的同時抓到這樣的主題主角關係後,文章就可以在心中迅速轉譯為(請與上方英文對照):
登革熱是透過帶有病媒蚊的病毒傳染給人類。而病媒蚊是從小時候待著的臭水溝中得到病毒,但有些蚊子待的水溝很乾淨,沒有病毒。所以如果乾淨的水溝變多的話,就會有更多蚊子待在乾淨的水溝,病媒蚊就會越來越少。
這時候,就可以用這種相近的故事去思考邏輯斷橋:
誰說乾淨的水溝變多,乾淨的蚊子就會變多?
水溝(宿主)的數量跟蚊子(寄生蟲)的數量有關係嗎?
B. Whether the size of the deer tick population is currently limited by the availability of animals for the tick’s larval stage to feed on
正確答案便是點出了「宿主的數量」跟「寄生蟲數量」之間的斷橋。
同樣的,CR練到走火入魔的時候,你就會經脈逆流,倒行逆施,嘗試從生活中看到的大小事或新聞,來聯想GMAT出過的題目。
比如這段時事:
北投當地商家不斷撒花吸引寶可夢玩家前往抓寶,大量的玩家導致北投車道阻塞,反倒引起抱怨,有網友質疑,這是雙重標準,一面撒花吸引玩家,一邊抱怨大量玩家造成的阻塞。
削弱方向是:
撒櫻花的是商家,抱怨的是居民,
並非同一批人,所以沒有雙重標準。
如果你能夠成功聯想到這一題,就代表你具備了CR高分的直覺判斷。
In an experiment, each volunteer was allowed to choose between an easy task and a hard task and was told that another volunteer would do the other task. Each volunteer could also choose to have a computer assign the two tasks randomly. Most volunteers chose the easy task for themselves and under questioning later said they had acted fairly. But when the scenario was described to another group of volunteers, almost all said choosing the easy task would be unfair. This shows that most people apply weaker moral standards to themselves than to others.
Which of the following is an assumption required by this argument?
(A) At least some volunteers who said they had acted fairly in choosing the easy task would have said that it was unfair for someone else to do so.